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    • 专利摘要:
    13 Abstract The present invention reiates to a process for dewatering a siurry oomprising ananofibriliated poiysacoharide wherein the process comprises the following steps of,providing a siurry oomprising a nanofibriiiated poiysacoharide and a liquid, subjeoting thesiurry to a first mechanicai pressure in order to dewater the siurry, and subjeoting thesiurry to a second mechanicai pressure which second pressure is higher than the firstpressure.
    公开号:SE1351315A1
    申请号:SE1351315
    申请日:2013-11-07
    公开日:2015-05-08
    发明作者:Laura Nousiainen；Petteri Kostiainen；Petteri Saarinen；Jan-Erik Nordström
    申请人:Stora Enso Oyj；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Process for dewatering a nanofibrillated polysaccharide Field of invention The present invention relates to a process for dewatering a slurry comprising ananofibrillated polysaccharide, e.g. microfibrillated cellulose, by subjecting the slurry tomechanical pressure.
    Backgroundl/licrofibrillated cellulose (l/IFC), which is a kind of nanofibrillated polysaccharide and which also is known as nanocellulose, is a material typically made from woodcellulose fibers. lt can also be made from microbial sources, agricultural fibers etc. lnmicrofibrillated cellulose the individual microfibrils have been partly or totally detachedfrom each other. l/licrofibrillated cellulose has a very high water binding capacity and it is thus verydifficult to diminish the water content of a slurry comprising microfibrillated cellulose.High water content of a slurry comprising microfibrillated cellulose often prevents usageof l/IFC in many different application where l/IFC with high solids would be required.
    Today there exist several different methods to remove water from a slurrycomprising microfibrillated cellulose. lt is for example possible to use different dryingtechniques. Examples of different drying techniques are evaporation or sublimation,such as spray drying or freeze drying. These techniques are however quite energydemanding and thus not so cost efficient to use in large scale processes. Also,hornification of the microfibrillated cellulose fibers often tends to occur when water isremoved with different drying techniques. Hornification is when irreversible bondsbetween the fibers are formed. When hornification has occurred it is not possible for thefibers to expand and swell in water and the original water bonding capacity of the fibersis thus lost. The hornification may be prevented by addition of chemicals whichphysically prevent or modify the fibers in such way that the formation of bonds betweencellulose fibers are limited or prevented. CA1208631A describes a process to re-disperse dried microfibrillated cellulose by addition of additives that will prevent the fibrilsfrom bonding to each other and thus also prevents hornification of the fibers.
    WO201215688O describes dewatering of microfibrillated cellulose by the use ofan electric field. By the use of an electric field it is possible to increase the dewatering ofMFC. This is however quite a slow, complicated and energy consuming process.
    Previously, mechanical dewatering, such as centrifugation, sedimentation andfiltration, in order to remove water from a slurry comprising nanofibrillatedpolysaccharides, e.g. microfibrillated cellulose, has not been very successfully mainlydue to that the characteristics of the slurry. l/licrofibrillated cellulose at a certain drycontent is in form of a gel. One problem with pressing a gel is that the gel will “escape”through all possible openings when the mechanical pressure is applied, i.e. not onlywater will be removed through the intended openings. Furthermore, if a wire is usedduring the pressing, the microfibrillated cellulose has a tendency to clog the wire.Filtration is a method that also can be used. However it is very difficult to remove waterfrom a slurry comprising MFC by filtration due to the dense web formed by the slurrywhich usually requires excessively high pressures and long filtration times.
    There is thus a need for an improved process for dewatering of a slurrycomprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide, e.g. microfibrillated cellulose.
    Summarv of lnventionThe object of the present invention is to provide a process for the dewatering aslurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide in an improved way.
    This object, as well as other objects and advantages, is achieved by the processaccording to claim 1. The present invention relates to a process for dewatering a slurrycomprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide wherein the process comprises the steps of,providing a slurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide and a liquid, subjecting theslurry to a first mechanical pressure in order to dewater the slurry, subjecting the slurryto a second mechanical pressure in order to further dewater the slurry, wherein thesecond pressure is higher than the first pressure. lt has been shown that by subjecting aslurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide to an increasing mechanical pressurein subsequent treatment steps, it is possible to mechanically dewater the slurry in a verygood and efficient way.
    The process may further comprise the step of subjecting the slurry to a thirdmechanical pressure which third pressure is higher than the second pressure. By treating the slurry in three subsequent steps it has been shown that the efficiency of thedewatering can be even further increased.
    The slurry is preferably conducted between two wires before the slurry is subjectedto the first mechanicai pressure. lt is preferred that the slurry is subjected to themechanicai pressure when the slurry is between two wires, e.g. by the use of a doublewire dewatering equipment. lt may be preferred to use the double wire dewateringequipment in each subsequent treatment step in which the slurry is subjected tomechanicai pressure.
    The slurry is preferably subjected to the first, second and/or third mechanicaipressure by subjecting the slurry through a wedge gap. The wedge gap subjects theslurry to an increasing pressure as the slurry passes through the gap. lt has been shownthat the use of a wedge gap is a very gentle process step which has been shown to beable to dewater a slurry comprising a nanofibriiiated polysaccharide in a very efficientway. lt may be preferred to use the wedge gap in the first dewatering step.
    The slurry may be subjected to the first, second and/or third mechanicai pressureby conducting the slurry over a roll having a first roll diameter. The slurry may further besubjected to the second and/or third mechanicai pressure by conducting the slurry overa roll having a second roll diameter said second roll diameter being smaller than the firstroll diameter. lt may be preferred to conduct the slurry over more than one roll having asecond ro| diameter. lt was found that by conducting the slurry over rolls the dewateringof the slurry can be done in a good way.
    The slurry is preferably conducted between two wires that are conducted over thero|/s. By conducting double wires over a ro|, the pressure on the outer wire, e.g. thewire that not is in contact with the roll, will increase and in this way will the slurry, whichis located between the wires, be subjected to an increased pressure. By conducting thewires over a roll having a first large diameter the slurry will be subjected to a specificmechanicai pressure. Thereafter, by conducting the wires over a second roll with asecond smaller diameter the pressure on the outer wire will increase due to thedecreased diameter roll. ln this way, the slurry will be subjected to a higher pressurecompared to when the wires were conducted over the first roll. lt may also be possible to subject the slurry to the first, second and/or thirdmechanicai pressure by conducting the slurry to a decanter-centrifuge and that theslurry is subjected to the second and/or third mechanicai pressure by conducting theslurry to a screw press.
    The dry content of the slurry comprising a nanofibrillated poiysaccharide before theslurry is subjected to the first mechanicai pressure is preferably about O,1-10°/> byweight and the dry content of the dewatered slurry comprising a nanofibrillatedpoiysaccharide is preferably about 1-50% by weight. lt may be preferred that the nanofibrillated poiysaccharide is microfibriiiatedcellulose.
    Detailed description of the inventionThe present invention relates to a process for dewatering a slurry comprising a nanofibrillated poiysaccharide, e.g. microfibriiiated cellulose and a liquid. Due to thecharacteristics of nanofibrillated polysaccharides, e.g. its size, size distribution and fiberbonds, it is normaily very difficult to dewater a slurry comprising a nanofibrillatedpoiysaccharide, and especially a slurry comprising microfibriiiated cellulose. lt was surprisingly found that by subjecting a slurry comprising a nanofibrillatedpoiysaccharide to an increasing mechanicai pressure in at least two subsequent steps,the dewatering can be improved. lt was thus found that it was possible to dewater theslurry by only subjecting the slurry to mechanicai pressures, i.e. no other dewateringmethods was used, such as increased temperature, electro-osmosis, electric field etc.
    Definition of nanofibrillated poiysaccharide This definition includes bacterial cellulose or nanocellulose spun with eithertraditional spinning techniques or with electrostatic spinning. ln these cases, the materialis preferably a poiysaccharide but not limited to solely a poiysaccharide. Apoiysaccharide can be e.g. starch, protein, cellulose derivatives etc.
    Also microfibriiiated cellulose as defined more in detail below is included in thisdefinition.
    Definition of microfibrillated celluloseThe microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is also known as nanocellulose. lt is a material typically made from wood cellulose fibers, both from hardwood or softwoodfibers. lt can also be made from microbial sources, e.g. seaweed fermented fibers,agricultural fibers such as wheat straw pulp, bamboo or other non-wood fiber sources. lnmicrofibrillated cellulose the individual microfibrils have been partly or totally detachedfrom each other. A microfibrillated cellulose fibril is normally very thin (e.g. a width of 5-200 nm) and the length is often between 100 nm to 10 um. However, the microfibrilsmay also be longer, for example between 10-200 um, even lengths of 2000 um can befound due to wide length distribution.
    Fibers that have been fibrillated and which have microfibrils on the surface andmicrofibrils that are separated and located in a water phase of a slurry are included inthe definition of MFC.
    Furthermore, cellulose whiskers, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), microcellulose(MC), nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC), nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) or regeneratedcellulose fibers and particles are also included in the definition of MFC.
    The fibrils may also be polymer coated fibrils, i.e. a modified fibril eitherchemically or physically, being thus either hydrophilic or hydrophobic.
    Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) can be produced in a number of different ways. ltis possible to mechanically treat cellulosic fibers forming microfibrils. The production ofnanocellulose or microfibrillated cellulose with bacteria, or fermentation, is anotheroption. lt is also possible to produce microfibrils from cellulose by the aid of differentchemicals and/or enzymes which will break the interfibrillar bonds, or even dissolve thefibers and fibrills. One example of production of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) is shownin WO2007091942 which describes production of MFC by the aid of refining incombination with addition of an enzyme.
    Definition of dewateringWith dewatering of the slurry, it is meant that the liquid is removed from the slurryand thus that the dry content of the slurry is increased.
    The present invention relates to a process for dewatering a slurry comprising ananofibrillated polysaccharide wherein the process comprises the steps of, providing aslurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide and a liquid, subjecting the slurry to afirst mechanical pressure in order to dewater the slurry, subjecting the slurry to a secondmechanical pressure in order to further dewater the slurry, wherein the second pressureis higher than the first pressure. lt may be advantageous to dewater the slurry also in athird step by subjecting the slurry to a third mechanical pressure which third mechanicalpressure is higher than the second pressure. Depending on the dry content of the slurrybeing subjected to the dewatering steps, the number of steps required in order toreceive a slurry with the desired dry content may vary. lt is possible to subject the slurryto more than three different mechanical pressure wherein the mechanical pressure ineach subsequent step is higher than the pressure in the previous step. lt may bepreferred to subject the slurry to four, five, six or seven subsequent mechanicalpressures. lt has been shown that by dewatering a slurry comprising a nanofibrillatedpolysaccharide, preferably microfibrillated cellulose, by subjecting the slurry to at leasttwo mechanical dewatering steps with increased pressure according to the invention, nosubstantial hornification of the microfibrillated fibers will occur. lt is thus possible for thedewatered microfibrillated cellulose, to swell when the microfibrillated cellulose isredispersed in water. This is of great importance when the microfibrillated cellulose, forexample is used as a strength additive, a thickener or as a viscosity modifier.Furthermore, the bonding ability of the dewatered microfibrillated cellulose is also verygood, i.e. no substantial decrease in bonding ability has been seen. Furthermore, theprocess for dewatering a slurry according to the invention makes it possible to dewaterthe slurry in a very energy efficient way.
    The slurry comprises a nanofibrillated polysaccharide, such as microfibrillatedcellulose and a liquid. The liquid may be water, e.g. de-ionized water, a solvent andmixtures of different solvents and/or liquids. The solvent may be an alcohol, such asisopropanol, polyethylene glycol, glycol or ethanol. Solvents, such as isopropanol, canchange the surface tension of the slurry and this will promote dewatering.
    The slurry may also comprise fibers of regular length. lt is however, preferred touse a slurry comprising high amounts of nanofibrillated polysaccharides, e.g.microfibrillated cellulose. A slurry comprising microfibrillated cellulose in an amount of 80-100% by weight, or 80-90% by weight, is often preferred. ln many cases it ispreferred that the slurry comprises 100% of microfibrillated cellulose, i.e. no fibers oflonger size is present. The amount of microfibrillated cellulose depends on the end useof the microfibrillated cellulose.
    The slurry is preferably conducted between two wires before the slurry issubjected to the first mechanical pressure. lt is preferred that the slurry is subjected tothe mechanical pressure when the slurry is between two wires, e.g. by the use of adouble wire dewatering equipment. lt may be preferred to use the double wiredewatering equipment in each subsequent treatment step in which the slurry issubjected to mechanical pressure. lt has been shown that by subjecting the slurrybetween two wires, i.e. to the use a double wire dewatering equipment, makes itpossible to dewater a slurry comprising nanofibrillated polysaccharide according to thepresent invention in a very good way. lt was surprisingly found that it was possible toincrease the dry content to quite high levels, i.e. dry contents up to 50% by weight, byconducting the slurry in between two wires and thereafter subjecting the slurry toincreasing pressure in subsequent steps. One theory of why it works so well with theuse of double wires, is that when the slurry is slowly being subjected to an increasedpressure, the slurry forms a filter cake, which tends to stay between the wires.
    The slurry is preferably subjected to the first, second and/or third mechanicalpressure by subjecting the slurry through a wedge gap. The wedge gap subjects theslurry to an increasing pressure as the slurry passes through the gap. lt has been shownthat the use of a wedge gap is a very gentle process step which has been shown to beable to dewater a slurry comprising l/IFC in a very efficient way. lt may be preferred touse the wedge gap in the first dewatering step. The pressure in the wedge gap variespreferably between O,1-1 l/lPa. The slurry is subjected to the pressure in the wedge gapfor a period of 1 second to 10 minutes depending on the dry content of the slurryentering the wedge gap and on the desired dry content of the slurry being fed from thewedge gap.
    The slurry may be subjected to the first, second and/or third mechanical pressureby conducting the slurry over a roll having a first roll diameter. The slurry may further besubjected to the second and/or third mechanical pressure by conducting the slurry overa roll having a second roll diameter said second roll diameter being smaller than the firstroll diameter. lt may be preferred to conduct the slurry over more than one roll having a second roll diameter. The slurry is preferably conducted between two wires that areconducted over the roll/s. By conducting the double wire over a roll, the pressure on theouter wire, e.g. the wire that not is in contact with the roll, will increase and in this waythe slurry, which is located between the wires, will be subjected to an increasedpressure. By conducting the wires over a roll having a first large diameter the slurry willbe subjected to a specific mechanical pressure. Thereafter, by conducting the wires overa second roll with a second smaller diameter, the pressure on the outer wire willincrease due to the decreased diameter roll this is due to that the speed differencebetween the wires increases when the diameter of the rolls diminishes. ln this way, theslurry will be subjected to a higher pressure when being conducted over the second rollcompared to when it was conducted over the roll with the first diameter. lt is preferred toalternate which wire that is the “outer“ wire when conducting the wires over more thanone roll. ln this way the slurry which is located between the wires will be subjected toincreased pressure on both sides which will improve the dewatering of the slurry. Thediameter of the first roll is preferably between 40-140 cm and the tension of the wiresbeing conducted over the roll is preferably between 30-150 N/cm. The diameter of thesecond roll is preferably between 20-80 cm and the tension of the wires beingconducted over the roll is preferably between 30-150 N/cm.
    The speed of the wires during the dewatering process may be between 0,1-200m/min. The speed varies depending on the dry content of the slurry, the properties ofthe nanofibrillated polysaccharide of the slurry and on the pressure of each dewateringstep. lt may be preferred to use a wire with an air permeability of about 350 CFl/l (CubicFeet per l/linute) and has a water permeability of 326 mm/s @ 2kPa. However, othervalues of the wires may also be used, depending on the properties of the nanofibrillatedcellulose being dewatered. lt may also be possible to subject the slurry to the first, second and/or third mechanical pressure by conducting the slurry to a decanter-centrifuge and that theslurry is subjected to the second and/or third mechanical pressure by conducting theslurry to a screw press. lt was found that the use of a decanter- centrifuge makes itpossible to use centrifugal forces to separate the solid material from the liquid.Depending on the properties of the microfibrillated cellulose, at a certain stage thedecanter centrifuge may not be able to further increase the dry content of the slurry. lt was thus found that by subjecting the slurry to the second and/or third mechanicalpressure in a screw press, it was possible to further increase the dry content of theslurry in a very efficient way. lt may be possible to use more than one decanter-centrifuge and/or screw presses.
    The dry content of the slurry comprising microfibriilated cellulose before the slurryis being subjected to the first mechanical pressure is preferably about 0,1-10°/> byweight. The slurry may be dewatered in any known way, e.g. by the use of a gravitytable, before the slurry is subjected to the dewatering according to the invention. lt isimportant that the dry content of the slurry is not too low since it should be kept betweenthe wires. lt must be possible to compress the slurry in order for it to be kept betweenthe wires and not to flow out from the sides or through the wire. The dry content of thedewatered slurry comprising microfibriilated cellulose is preferably about 1-50% byweight. Even though the dry content is increased, the properties of the microfibriilatedcellulose after dilution of water are maintained, e.g. the water swelling, re-dispersion andstrength properties.
    Example A slurry comprising microfibriilated cellulose and water with a consistency of 3,5°/> by weight was subjected to a mechanical dewatering process in which the slurry: - was conducted to a gravity table in which the dry content was increased toabout 8% by weight, o the slurry was thereafter conducted in between two wires, i.e. in between adouble wire, and the wires were conducted through a wedge gap in whichthe slurry was subjected to a first mechanical pressure, o the slurry was thereafter conducted over a first roll having a first diameterof 700 mm where the slurry was subjected to a second mechanicalpressure, o the slurry was thereafter conducted over a second roll having a seconddiameter of 500 mm where the slurry was subjected to a third mechanicalpressure.
    The dewatered slurry received a dry content of 31% by weight and no unwantedlosses of the slurry through cavities etc, could be noticed during the dewatering.
    In view of the above detailed description of the present invention, othermodifications and variations will become apparent to those skiiied in the art. However, itshould be apparent that such other modifications and variations may be effected without 5 departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1] 1. Process for dewatering a slurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharidewherein the process comprises the following steps: -providing a slurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide and a liquid,-subjecting the slurry to a first mechanical pressure in order to dewater the slurry,and -subjecting the slurry to a second mechanical pressure which second pressure ishigher than the first pressure.
    [2] 2. The process according to claim 1 wherein the process further comprisesthe step of subjecting the slurry to a third mechanical pressure which third pressureis higher than the second pressure.
    [3] 3. The process according to any of the preceding claims characterized in thatthe slurry is conducted between two wires before the slurry is subjected to the firstmechanical pressure.
    [4] 4. The process according to any of the preceding claims characterized in thatthe slurry is subjected to the first, second and/or third mechanical pressure byconducting the slurry through a wedge gap.
    [5] 5. The process according to any of the preceding claims characterized in thatthe slurry is subjected to the first, second and/or third pressure by conducting theslurry over a roll having a first roll diameter.
    [6] 6. The process according to claim 5 characterized in that the slurry issubjected to the second and/or third mechanical pressure by conducting the slurryover a roll having a second roll diameter said second roll diameter being smallerthan the first roll diameter.
    [7] 7. The process according to claim 6 characterized in that the slurry isconducted over more than one roll having a second roll diameter. 12
    [8] 8. The process according to any of claims 1-2 or 4-7, characterized in that theslurry is subjected to the first, second and/or third mechanical pressure byconducting the slurry to a decanter-centrifuge.
    [9] 9. The process according to any of the claim 8 characterized in that the slurryis subjected to the second and/or third mechanical pressure by conducting theslurry to a screw press.
    [10] 10. The process according to any of the preceding claims characterized in thatthe dry content of the slurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharide before thedewatering is about 0,1 -10°/> by weight.
    [11] 11. The process according to any of the preceding claims characterized in thatthe dry content of the dewatered slurry comprising a nanofibrillated polysaccharideis about 1-50°/> by weight.
    [12] 12. The process according to any of the preceding claims characterized in thatthe nanofibrillated polysaccharide is microfibriilated cellulose.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1351315A|SE539535C2|2013-11-07|2013-11-07|Process for dewatering a suspension comprising microfibrillated cellulose|SE1351315A| SE539535C2|2013-11-07|2013-11-07|Process for dewatering a suspension comprising microfibrillated cellulose|
    PCT/IB2014/002347| WO2015068019A1|2013-11-07|2014-11-05|Process for dewatering microfibrillated cellulose|
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